OLYMPIC GAMES - 2 - ANSWERS

1. B. Figure skating

Figure skating was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 London Summer Olympics. As this traditional winter sport could be conducted indoors, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) approved its inclusion in the Summer Olympics program. It was featured a second time at the Antwerp Games, after which it was permanently transferred to the program of the Winter Olympic Games, first held in 1924 in Chamonix, France.

Men's singles, ladies' singles, and pair skating have been held most often. Ice dance joined as a medal sport in 1976 and a team event debuted at the 2014 Olympics.

2. C. Berlin

(Parade for the opening of the stadium on 8 June 1913)

The 1916 Summer Olympics were scheduled to be held in Berlin, Germany, but were eventually cancelled due to the outbreak of World War I. Work on the Deutsches Stadion ("German Stadium") began in 1912 at what was the Grunewald Race Course and was planned to seat more than 18,000 spectators. On 8 June 1913, the stadium was dedicated with the release of 10,000 pigeons. 60,000 people were in attendance.

Berlin returned to Olympic bidding in 1931, when it beat Barcelona, Spain, for the right to host the 1936 Summer Olympics, the last Olympics before the outbreak of World War II.

3. C. Tennis

Tennis was part of the Summer Olympic Games program from the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics, but was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics due to disputes between the "International Lawn Tennis Federation" and the "International Olympic Committee" over how to define amateur players. After two appearances as a demonstration sport in 1968 and 1984 (with a U-21 age limit), it returned as a full medal sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics open for all players regardless of their age and status and has been played at every edition of the Games since then.

4. A. Mexico City, 1968

On October 16, 1968, during the medal ceremony in the Olympic Stadium in Mexico City, two African-American athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos, who had won gold (with a world-record time of 19.83 seconds) and bronze medals respectively in the 200-meter running event, raised black-gloved fists protesting ill treatment to Black Athletes in US (known as "Black Power Salute" in the history of Olympics) during the playing of the US national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner". While on the podium, Smith and Carlos turned to face the US flag and then kept their hands raised until the anthem had finished. In addition, Smith, Carlos, and Australian silver medalist Peter Norman all wore human-rights badges on their jackets.

In his autobiography, "Silent Gesture", Tommie Smith stated that the gesture was not a "Black Power" salute but rather a "human rights" salute.

5. A. South Sudan

At the United Nations (UN) General Assembly in October 2015, confronted with the global refugee crisis that has seen an estimated 68.5 million people in the world displaced, IOC President Thomas Bach announced the creation of the "Refugee Olympic Team" – the first of its kind – to take part in the Olympic Games Rio 2016.

Ten months on from the announcement, the 10 athletes, who originally hailed from Ethiopia (1), South Sudan (5), Syria (2) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2) as independent Olympic participants under the Olympic Flag, were competing alongside 11,000 fellow athletes in Brazil, sending a message of hope and inclusion to millions of refugees around the world and inspiring the world with the strength of their human spirit.